Electric bikes, scooters and mopeds are becoming increasingly common throughout Ottawa and the rest of Ontario. Whether commuting downtown, travelling along the Ottawa River pathways, or navigating busy urban streets, more people are choosing e-bikes, e-scooters, and e-mopeds as convenient alternatives to traditional transportation.
While these modes of transportation offer many benefits, they also present significant safety risks. As the popularity of e-bikes and e-scooters continues to increase, so too does the number of collisions resulting in serious injuries.
What Are E-Bikes and E-Scooters?
Although often grouped together, these conveyances are distinct.
An e-bike is a bicycle equipped with an electric motor that assists with pedaling or can propel the bike on its own. An e-scooter is a standing electric scooter powered by a rechargeable battery. An e-moped is generally larger and more powerful than an e-bike and often resembles a traditional scooter or small motorcycle.
Each offers as a practical transportation option, but they also expose riders to many of the same risks faced by cyclists and motorcyclists.
E-Bike and E-Scooter Laws: What do Ontario Riders Need to Know?
Ontario has established regulations governing the operation of electric mobility devices.
For e-bikes, riders must:
- be at least 16 years old;
- wear an approved bicycle or motorcycle helmet if under 18;
- follow the same traffic laws that apply to cyclists;
- not operate while impaired by drugs or alcohol.
Municipalities may also establish additional rules regarding where these vehicles can be operated.
E-scooters are governed by both provincial regulations and municipal bylaws. In Ottawa, specific rules apply regarding where e-scooters may be ridden, parking requirements, and permitted operating areas. Riders should familiarize themselves with local bylaws before using an e-scooter.
Ontario law imposes several technical requirements on e-bikes designed to improve safety.
To list a few of the mandatory characteristics, an e-bike must:
- have a maximum assisted speed of 32 km/h;
- weigh no more than 120 kilograms;
- have functioning pedals;
- be capable of stopping within prescribed braking distances.
These requirements are intended to reduce the risk of collisions and improve rider control. However, even when operated lawfully, e-bikes can still cause or suffer serious accidents.
Common E-Bike and E-Scooter Accident Injuries
The biggest concern surrounding e-bikes, e-scooters, and e-mopeds is the lack of protection they provide riders.
Unlike occupants of motor vehicles, riders are largely exposed in the event of a collision. Common injuries include:
- traumatic brain injuries and concussions;
- fractures and orthopedic injuries;
- spinal cord injuries;
- facial injuries;
- road rash and soft tissue injuries.
Ontario has already seen fatal incidents involving e-bikes. In 2025, an e-bike collision in Ingersoll resulted in the death of a rider, highlighting the potentially devastating consequences of these accidents.
As these vehicles often share roads with cars, trucks, buses, and other road users, even a relatively low-speed collision can result in catastrophic injuries.
Where Can E-Bike and E-Scooters be Operated in Ontario?
Generally speaking, e-bikes are treated similarly to bicycles and must operate on roads, bike lanes, and permitted pathways.
In most circumstances, e-bikes are not permitted on sidewalks, which are intended for pedestrian use. E-scooter rules vary depending on municipal regulations, while certain trails, parks, and pathways may impose additional restrictions.
Because rules differ between municipalities, riders should familiarize themselves with local bylaws before operating these vehicles.
Who Is Liable After an E-Bike or E-Scooter Accident?
Determining liability following an e-bike, e-scooter or e-moped collision can be complex. Potentially responsible parties may include:
- negligent motorists;
- municipalities responsible for unsafe road conditions;
- manufacturers of defective equipment;
- other cyclists or riders;
- commercial operators or rental providers.
Liability will depend on the specific circumstances of the collision, including where it occurred, who was involved, and whether any party failed to exercise reasonable care.
Insurance Coverage and Compensations after an E-Bike or E-Scooter Accident
Unlike traditional motor vehicle occupants, insurance coverage can vary significantly depending on the circumstances of the collision and the type of vehicle involved.
Factors such as the make, model, or modifications determine whether an e-bike, e-scooter or e-moped is required to have insurance.
For example, if an individual removes the pedals from their e-bike, it may legally be considered a motor vehicle. Additionally, a modification to an e-bike’s electric motor to increase its maximum output is illegal and both circumstances may severely impact an injured party’s ability to in pursue a claim for personal injury.
It is likely that their level of fault will rise, but that can only be determined in relation to the specific facts at hand.
Were You Injured in an E-Bike or E-Scooter Accident in Ontario?
As Ottawa, and the rest of Ontario continues to embrace alternative transportation, e-bikes, e-scooters, and e-mopeds are becoming a common sight on local roads and pathways. While convenient and environmentally friendly, they also carry significant risks.
Understanding Ontario’s regulations, operating safely, and knowing your legal rights after an accident can help protect you and your family. Contact Bergeron Clifford LLP today if you or a loved one has been injured in an e-bike, e-scooter, or e-moped accident. One of our experienced personal injury lawyers can help you understand your rights and explore your options for compensation.
